top of page

Frequently Asked Questions

What is lupus?


Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues and organs. The resulting inflammation can affect many different parts of the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, heart, and lungs.


What are the different types of lupus?
The main types of lupus include:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): The most common and serious form, which can affect many parts of the body.
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A form of lupus limited to the skin, which can cause rashes and lesions.
Drug-induced Lupus: Triggered by a reaction to certain medications and typically resolves once the drug is stopped.
Neonatal Lupus: A rare condition affecting newborns whose mothers have specific autoantibodies.


What causes lupus?
The exact cause of lupus is unknown. Most experts believe it results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Potential triggers can include sunlight, infections (like the Epstein-Barr virus), certain medications, and hormonal changes.


Who is most likely to get lupus?
While anyone can get lupus, it is most common in women between the ages of 15 and 44. It is also more prevalent in certain racial and ethnic groups, including African American, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American women.


Is lupus contagious?
No, lupus is not contagious. It is not caused by a virus or bacteria and cannot be spread from person to person through contact.


Symptoms and diagnosis


What are the most common symptoms of lupus?
Symptoms vary widely and can come and go in what are called "flares." Common symptoms include:

  • Fatigue

  • Pain and swelling in the joints (arthritis)

  • A butterfly-shaped rash on the face across the cheeks and bridge of the nose

  • Fever

  • Hair loss

  • Sensitivity to sunlight (photosensitivity)

  • Chest pain when breathing deeply

​

​

How is lupus diagnosed?
Diagnosing lupus is challenging because its symptoms mimic many other conditions. No single test can diagnose it. A rheumatologist will consider a combination of the following factors:

  • A review of your medical history and symptoms

  • A physical examination

  • Blood tests, such as an antinuclear antibody (ANA) test, a complete blood count, and complement tests.

  • Urine tests to check for kidney involvement.

  • Biopsies of the skin or kidney, if necessary.

​

Does a positive ANA test mean I have lupus?


Not necessarily. While most people with lupus have a positive ANA test, a positive result can also be caused by other conditions or occur in people without lupus. If your ANA test is positive, your doctor will likely order more specific antibody tests.


Is lupus always severe?
No, the severity of lupus varies greatly from person to person. Many people have mild cases with occasional flares, while others experience more severe symptoms and complications affecting major organs.
Treatment and management


Is there a cure for lupus?
Currently, there is no cure for lupus. However, effective treatments can manage symptoms, reduce inflammation, prevent flares, and minimize organ damage.


What are the treatments for lupus?


Treatment plans are personalized and may include:

  • NSAIDs: For pain, fever, and inflammation.

  • Antimalarial drugs (e.g., hydroxychloroquine): To help with fatigue, rashes, and joint pain.

  • Corticosteroids: For serious inflammation and disease activity.

  • Immunosuppressants: For severe cases affecting major organs.

  • Biologics: Medications that target specific parts of the immune system.

  • What can I do to manage my lupus symptoms?

  • Beyond medication, lifestyle adjustments are crucial for managing lupus. These can include:

  • Avoiding excessive sun exposure and using strong sunscreen

  • Getting regular, gentle exercise

  • Eating a healthy, well-balanced diet

  • Getting plenty of rest

  • Not smoking


Are women with lupus able to get pregnant?
Yes, it is possible for women with lupus to have a successful pregnancy. However, a pregnancy in a person with lupus is considered high-risk and requires close monitoring by a healthcare team. It is best to plan a pregnancy during a period of remission.


Common misconceptions


Is lupus a form of cancer?
No, lupus is an autoimmune disease, not a form of cancer. While some lupus treatments are similar to chemotherapy because they suppress the immune system, the disease itself is completely different.


Does lupus only affect women?
While women are diagnosed with lupus far more often than men (about 9 out of 10 cases), men can and do get the disease.


Do people with lupus always get the butterfly rash?
No. While the characteristic butterfly rash on the face is a distinctive sign of lupus, only about half of all people with the disease will ever develop it.


*This is for informational purposes only. For medical advice or diagnosis, consult a professional.

bottom of page